This collection examines the immense contribution of the Waitangi Tribunal and the challenges it has faced over its first fifty years. Former Waitangi Tribunal chair people reflect on important developments in the Tribunal’s work. Leading Māori scholars analyse and explain the Tribunal’s engagement with a broad range of significant issues relating to whenua, awa, freshwater and the environment, te reo and mātauranga Māori, social policy and well-being, fisheries, takutai moana, Treaty settlements, mana wahine and constitutional matters.